[Django] 05.간단한 폼처리와 소스코드 줄이기

첫번째 장고 앱 작성하기, part 4

간단한 폼 만들기

• polls/detail.html을 변경해보면

	<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1>
	{% if error_message %}<p><strong>{{ error_message }}</strong></p>{% endif %}
	<form action="{% url 'polls:vote' question.id %}" method="post">
	{% csrf_token %}
	{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
	<input type="radio" name="choice" id="choice{{ forloop.counter }}" value="{{ choice.id }}" />
	<label for="choice{{ forloop.counter }}">{{ choice.choice_text }}</label><br />
	{% endfor %}
	<input type="submit" value="Vote" />
	</form>

view raw polls_detail.html hosted with ❤ by GitHub

polls/urls.py path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),

• polls/views.py

	from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
	from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
	from django.urls import reverse
	from .models import Choice, Question
	def results(request, question_id):
	question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
	return render(request, 'polls/results.html', {'question': question})
	def vote(request, question_id):
	question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
	try:
	selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice'])
	except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist):
	# Redisplay the question voting form.
	return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {
	'question': question,
	'error_message': "You didn't select a choice.",
	})
	else:
	selected_choice.votes += 1
	selected_choice.save()
	# Always return an HttpResponseRedirect after successfully dealing
	# with POST data. This prevents data from being posted twice if a
	# user hits the Back button.
	return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('polls:results', args=(question.id,)))

view raw poll_views_vote.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

• polls/templates/polls/results.html

	<h1>{{ question.question_text }}</h1>
	<ul>
	{% for choice in question.choice_set.all %}
	<li>{{ choice.choice_text }} -- {{ choice.votes }} vote{{ choice.votes|pluralize }}</li>
	{% endfor %}
	</ul>
	<a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">Vote again?</a>

view raw polls_templates_polls_result.html hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Generic View 사용하기

더욱더 간결한 코드를 작성하기 위해서 URLconf 수정
를 로 변경

	from django.urls import path
	from . import views
	app_name = 'polls'
	urlpatterns = [
	path('', views.IndexView.as_view(), name='index'),
	path('<int:pk>/', views.DetailView.as_view(), name='detail'),
	path('<int:pk>/results/', views.ResultsView.as_view(), name='results'),
	path('<int:question_id>/vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),
	]

view raw polls_urls_generic.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

조회수 수정

• index, detail, results 뷰를 제거하고 장고의 일반적인 뷰를 사용.

	from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
	from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
	from django.urls import reverse
	from django.views import generic
	from .models import Choice, Question
	class IndexView(generic.ListView):
	template_name = 'polls/index.html'
	context_object_name = 'latest_question_list'
	def get_queryset(self):
	"""Return the last five published questions."""
	return Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
	class DetailView(generic.DetailView):
	model = Question
	template_name = 'polls/detail.html'
	class ResultsView(generic.DetailView):
	model = Question
	template_name = 'polls/results.html'
	def vote(request, question_id):
	... # same as above, no changes needed.

view raw polls_views.py hosted with ❤ by GitHub

ListView와 DetailView의 두 가지 제네릭 뷰를 사용.

참고

• https://docs.djangoproject.com/ko/2.0/intro/tutorial04/